Thứ Tư, 28 tháng 3, 2012

National Briefing | Plains

Oklahoma: Ultrasound Law Struck Down

By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
Published: March 29, 2012
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District Judge Bryan Dixon on Wednesday struck down the state's law requiring women seeking abortions to have an ultrasound image placed in front of them and to listen to a detailed description of the fetus before the procedure. Judge Dixon the statute cannot be enforced because it addresses only patients and people dealing with abortions without addressing other medical care.

Theo www.nytimes.com

Thứ Sáu, 23 tháng 3, 2012

Soldiers Oust Mali President, Seize Control

Malian soldiers angered over the government"s mishandling of the two-month-old Tuareg rebellion in the North say they have overthrown President Amadou Toumani Toure - just weeks before the election that would have marked an end to his mandate.  The president"s location is unknown.  Frustration had long been brewing in the military in what had been one of the region"s few stable democracies.



Residents told VOA that sporadic gunfire continued in Bamako Thursday just hours after renegade soldiers - calling themselves the National Committee for the Restoration of Democracy and State - or CNRDR, seized control of the state.

Appearing on state TV early Thursday, the CNRDR spokesman, Amadou Konare, says the armed forces decided to put an end to the "incompetent regime" of President Amadou Toumani Toure.  He says the constitution is suspended until further notice and all government institutions have been dissolved.  He says an inclusive government will be created after consultation with the nation's representatives.

Stirrings of the coup began Wednesday morning with a mutiny by soldiers at a military camp near the capital and then spread to a military base in Gao, in the northeast.

Complaints

Soldiers say they lack adequate weapons, ammunition and food as they confront Tuareg separatists in the north of the country.  Since the rebellion began in January, numerous Malian soldiers have died or been captured, though the government has not released exact numbers.

The situation quickly spiralled Wednesday evening as soldiers stormed the state radio and television stations in Bamako and attacked the presidential palace with heavy weapons.

A number of government ministers have been arrested.

The soldiers have set up checkpoints around the capital, imposed a curfew and closed the country's land and air borders.

On state television, coup spokesman, Konare, said the CNRDR's objective is under no circumstances the seizure of power.  He says they promise to hand power back to a democratically elected president as soon as the country is reunified and its integrity no longer threatened.

Mali was set to hold a presidential election on April 29.  President Toure, a former army officer and coup leader himself, was not seeking another term.  He has served his legal limit of two mandates.

It is not clear how pre-meditated the events of the last 24 hours were; however, frustration has long been brewing in the chronically under-resourced military.

Rumors

West Africa Director for the International Crisis Group, Gilles Yabi, says that frustration has been increasingly apparent since January as the military suffered defeats by the Tuaregs in the north.  However, he says there were rumors of a coup even before the Tuareg rebellion began.

In February, the widows and families of soldiers killed in the north took to the streets to protest government mismanagement of the rebellion.

The renewal of conflict in the north marked the collapse of a 2007 amnesty agreement.  The rebels include former pro-Gadhafi fighters who have returned to Mali with arms acquired from the conflict in Libya.  They are demanding the creation of an independent, Islamic state in the country's northern deserts, the ancestral homeland to tribes of nomadic Tuareg traders.

The United Nations Refugee Agency says fighting has displaced more than 180,000 Malians since January.

West Africa is no stranger to military coups.  Mali is sandwiched between two countries, Mauritania and Niger, that have both, in the past four years, seen soldiers oust elected leaders, rewrite constitutions and organize fresh elections.  Mali, however, was considered an exception.

Yabi says in Mali there were concerns that the government would try to push back or cancel the elections because of the insecurity in the north.  He says the coup is unfortunate, as Mali has a strong tradition of political dialogue and likely could have arrived at a peaceful solution to both the grievances of the army in the north and the election.

Mixed response

The coup has sparked a mixed response from Malians.

Boubacar Ibrahim says the population shares the military's frustration but was not ready for an overthrow of the government.  He says given more time, the government could have found a solution to the military's grievances.  He says the suspension of the constitution and the curfew are worrying for the future of the democracy.

Others, however, see the coup as a necessary evil.

President of the Women's Movement for the Protection of Peace and National Unity, Mariam Djibrilla Maiga, says many people tried to get President Toure to take the rebellion more seriously.  She says he wouldn't, so he had to be pushed aside.  She says the government's handling of the situation was disastrous.  She says the Tuaregs are better armed than the soldiers, and the army was humiliated.  She says this coup was necessary to preserve national unity.

However, she and others say they hope the military will soon return power to civilians.

U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon and the head of the African Union commission, Jean Ping, both expressed concern in the early hours of the coup and called for grievances to be resolved in a peaceful and democratic manner.

Theo www.voanews.com

Thứ Ba, 20 tháng 3, 2012

Tibetan Man Sets Himself on Fire in Protest Over China

A Tibetan man has set himself on fire in eastern Tibet, in the latest gesture of defiance used by Tibetans to protest Chinese government policies.



Witnesses told VOA Tibetan Service that 44-year-old Sonam Dhargyal set himself on fire early Saturday in the Rebkong region of Tibet. The incident follows another self-immolation protest earlier in the week by a monk in southwestern China's Sichuan province, where many Tibetans live.

March has long been a tense time for China and its Tibetan areas, as the month marks key anniversaries in the Tibetan struggle for more freedom.

The last year has been especially problematic for Chinese authorities, as dozens of monks, nuns and ordinary people have set themselves on fire in protest. More than half of those self-immolations have occurred since January, despite beefed up security in parts of China where there are large Tibetan populations.

China blames overseas groups and Tibet's exiled spiritual leader, the Dalai Lama, for inciting separatism. It has also portrayed those who have set themselves on fire as outcasts and criminals.

Some information for this report was provided by AFP.

Theo www.voanews.com

US Soldier Accused of Afghan Massacre in US Prison

An American soldier who allegedly killed 16 Afghan civilians during a shooting spree in southern Kandahar province last Sunday has arrived at a military base in the central U.S. state of Kansas.
A white van, believed to be transporting Staff Sgt. Robert Bales, leaves Kansas City International Airport Friday, March 16, 2012, in Kansas City, Mo.
Photo: AP
A white van, believed to be transporting Staff Sgt. Robert Bales, leaves Kansas City International Airport Friday, March 16, 2012, in Kansas City, Mo.



The suspect, identified as 38-year-old U.S. Army Staff Sergeant Robert Bales, was flown to Kansas from Kuwait where he was transferred in the days after the attack.  He is being held in a private cell at the military's only maximum security prison at Fort Leavenworth.

Bales has not yet been charged and no details have been released on a trial.  U.S. officials have promised a thorough investigation into the incident, but Afghans have called for him to be tried in Afghanistan.

Afghan President Hamid Karzai has accused the United States of failing to cooperate with his delegation in the probe.  On Friday, he met with tribal elders and family members of those killed.  He said civilian casualties have been going on "for too long" and that such "behavior can no longer be tolerated."

Bales' civilian lawyer John Henry Browne said his client was likely suffering from stress after witnessing one of his fellow soldiers get his leg blown off a day before Sunday's massacre.

Browne said Bales was also not happy about being assigned a fourth tour of duty in a war zone.  Bales - a married father of two - had served three tours in Iraq where he suffered a head injury and lost part of his foot.

Bales' family has been moved to a military base near Seattle, in the northwestern U.S. state of Washington, for security reasons.  Browne said that, according to family members, the staff sergeant never had any animosity towards Muslims and described him as mild-mannered.

Theo www.voanews.com

Thứ Hai, 19 tháng 3, 2012

As Cars Are Kept Longer, 200,000 Is New 100,000

HOW far can a modern car really go? Given the increasing age of vehicles on American roads, we may be on the verge of finding out.

Jacob Silberberg for The New York Times

LIVE LONG AND PROSPER Mark Webber sells Porsches for a living, but his commuting car is a 1990 Volvo 740 that has been driven more than 300,000 miles.

By DEXTER FORD
Published: March 16, 2012
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Jacob Silberberg for The New York Times

As a stubborn recession made drivers wary of new purchases for several years, the average age of vehicles on the road in the United States stretched to a record 11.1 years in 2011, according to the research firm R. L. Polk, which tracks vehicle sales and registrations.

Multiply that number of years by the annual miles driven — the E.P.A. uses 15,000 for the cost calculation on fuel economy labels — and it becomes evident that one pearl of conventional wisdom has become outdated.

In the 1960s and '70s, when odometers typically registered no more than 99,999 miles before returning to all zeros, the idea of keeping a car for more than 100,000 miles was the automotive equivalent of driving on thin ice. You could try it, but you'd better be prepared to swim.

But today, as more owners drive their vehicles farther, some are learning that the imagined limits of vehicular endurance may not be real limits at all. Several factors have aligned to make pushing a car farther much more realistic.

Cars that have survived for a million miles or more have been widely documented, of course, but those tend to be exceptional cases. What's different, and far more common, today are the online classified ads offering secondhand Hondas, Toyotas and Volvos with 150,000 or 200,000 miles — or more — not as parts donors but as vehicles with some useful life left.

One driver who has firsthand experience with this new paradigm of durability is Mark Webber, a 57-year-old Porsche salesman.

Mr. Webber has a full grasp of powerful new sports cars — in January he was in Southern California for sales training and track time with the 2013 Porsche 911 — but for his 35-mile commute to Herb Chambers Porsche in Boston, from Scituate, Mass., he drives a 1990 Volvo 740 with over 300,000 miles.

"I just can't see the point of spending a lot of money driving a newer, racier car every day in city traffic when my old Volvo just wants to keep on going," Mr. Webber said. "I guess you could say I'm just a New England tightwad."

In Mr. Webber's case, the enabler of his thrift may be global competition — and the Environmental Protection Agency.

Customer satisfaction surveys show cars having fewer and fewer problems with each passing year. Much of this improvement is a result of intense global competition — a carmaker simply can't allow its products to leak oil, break down or wear out prematurely.

But another, less obvious factor has been the government-mandated push for lower emissions.

"The California Air Resources Board and the E.P.A. have been very focused on making sure that catalytic converters perform within 96 percent of their original capability at 100,000 miles," said Jagadish Sorab, technical leader for engine design at Ford Motor. "Because of this, we needed to reduce the amount of oil being used by the engine to reduce the oil reaching the catalysts.

"Fifteen years ago, piston rings would show perhaps 50 microns of wear over the useful life of a vehicle," Mr. Sorab said, referring to the engine part responsible for sealing combustion in the cylinder. "Today, it is less than 10 microns. As a benchmark, a human hair is 200 microns thick.

"Materials are much better," Mr. Sorab continued. "We can use very durable, diamondlike carbon finishes to prevent wear. We have tested our newest breed of EcoBoost engines, in our F-150 pickup, for 250,000 miles. When we tear the engines down, we cannot see any evidence of wear."

Dr. George Akerlof, who shared the 2001 Nobel Memorial Prize in economic science with Michael Spence and Joseph Stiglitz, may have predicted this trend of owners keeping cars longer.

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Chủ Nhật, 18 tháng 3, 2012

Karzai Urges NATO Withdrawal From Afghan Villages

Afghan President Hamid Karzai is calling for NATO forces to pull back from Afghan villages and relocate to their bases following the killing of 16 civilians in southern Afghanistan earlier this week, allegedly by a U.S. soldier.
Afghanistan's President Hamid Karzai (R) meets with U.S. Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta in Kabul, March 15, 2012.
Photo: Reuters
Afghanistan's President Hamid Karzai (R) meets with U.S. Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta in Kabul, March 15, 2012.



Karzai's statement Thursday came as the Taliban announced it was suspending peace talks with the United States until "the Americans clarify their stance on the issues," including a prisoner swap. The U.S. reportedly was holding preliminary talks in Qatar with the insurgent group to find a political settlement to the decade-long war, as international troops begin leaving Afghanistan.

Karzai told visiting U.S. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta that the Afghan government wants to take full control of the country's security in 2013 rather than 2014, as planned. During Thursday's talks in Kabul, he told Panetta, "Afghanistan is ready to take over all security responsibilities now."

The Afghan leader also demanded NATO pull out of Afghanistan's rural areas following Sunday's alleged massacre of 16 Afghan civilians, including children, by a U.S. soldier in Kandahar province. The soldier later surrendered.

A U.S. defense official later downplayed Karzai's call for NATO's withdrawal from village outposts, saying "right now, there's no reason to think that schedule should change and President Karzai did not ask for any change in the current schedule."

Karzai also told Panetta that everything must be done to prevent incidents such as the shooting spree in the future. The U.S. defense secretary said he promised the Afghan president that the gunman would be brought to justice.

The U.S. staff sergeant, who has not yet been named or charged, was flown out of Afghanistan to Kuwait late Wednesday. U.S. Lieutenant General Curtis Scaparotti, the deputy commander of U.S. forces in Afghanistan, said the suspect was moved to ensure "both proper pre-trial confinement and access to legal services."

A Pentagon spokesman, Navy Captain John Kirby, said the transfer did not necessarily mean the suspect's trial would not be held in Afghanistan, as many Afghans have demanded.

In the southern city of Qalat, protesters chanted anti-American slogans Thursday, calling for justice and a public trial in Afghanistan for the accused U.S. soldier.

The U.S. defense secretary arrived in Afghanistan on Wednesday, just three days after the killings.

After talks with Karzai on Thursday, Panetta said he was confident that the United States and Afghanistan will reach a deal on the long-term U.S. presence in the country after international combat troops leave Afghanistan in 2014.

Panetta told reporters he was optimistic that the two governments will reach an agreement on the issue of night raids, a major obstacle in the proposed U.S.-Afghan strategic deal. Karzai wants an end to such coalition operations, which he says cause civilian casualties.

Separately, Afghan officials say at least 10 women and children were killed Thursday when their vehicle hit a roadside bomb in the southern province of Uruzgan.

Some information for this report was provided by AP, AFP and Reuters.

Theo www.voanews.com

Worker Who Hid Lottery Win Must Share $38.5 Million Prize

Victor J. Blue for The New York Times

A jury ordered Americo Lopes to share a Mega Millions jackpot with five co-workers: from left, Candido Silva Sr., Jose Sousa, Daniel Esteves, Carlos Fernandes, and Candido Silva Jr.

By JAMES BARRON and TIM STELLOH
Published: March 14, 2012
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There were some dark twists in the plot line, inevitable, perhaps, when friends fight over $38.5 million in lottery winnings.

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Americo Lopes initially told no one that he had won a jackpot of $38.5 million.

The friends, construction workers from New Jersey, said they had pooled their money for lottery tickets for years. Five of them relied on a member of their little group, Americo Lopes, to buy the tickets. In November 2009, he collected their money and bought a Mega Millions ticket that won, but he told no one except lottery officials. He cashed in the ticket as if it were his alone.

The lottery deducted taxes and sent Mr. Lopes a check for $17,433,966. He quit his job, saying he needed foot surgery.

"We believed him," said one of the others, Candido Silva Jr. — until several months later, when Mr. Lopes told another man in the group that he had won the lottery a week after he had stopped working. As word of his luck spread, yet another man checked a Web site and discovered when Mr. Lopes had won.

On Wednesday, a jury in Union County ordered Mr. Lopes to share the winnings with the five former co-workers.

Mr. Lopes (pronounced LOHPS) did not sound happy; The Star-Ledger of Newark quoted him as saying, in Portuguese, "They robbed me."

The case was based largely on circumstantial and, at times, emotional evidence. If this trial suggested some similarity to " It Could Happen to You, " a movie loosely based on a real-life lottery winner's generous tip to a waitress, the proceedings proved otherwise: There was testimony of greed, lies and betrayed friendship.

"We trusted him," Jose Sousa, 46, said on Wednesday. "He cheated us." Of the jury's decision, he said: "We proved that we're not lying. This is the most important thing."

Mr. Lopes's lawyer, Michael D. Mezzacca, did not return calls for comment on Wednesday. During the trial, he said that the lack of written records cast doubt on the co-workers' allegations. He said that because the group did not document who had bought what, no one could say with certainty who had actually paid for the winning ticket.

Mr. Lopes, 52, maintained during the trial that he had bought the winning ticket on his own, separate from any tickets he had gotten for the group. He said he often bought tickets for the group and for himself at the same time.

Mr. Lopes's wife, Margarida, testified that Mr. Lopes finally called one of the men in the group in March 2010 and let the word out about winning. She said the man, Daniel Esteves, had cried on hearing the news.

Another worker, Candido Silva Sr., 61, cried on the witness stand. His son, Mr. Silva Jr., 36, said the case had been stressful, but the verdict was what he and the others had expected.

"If you have a clear conscience, you have nothing to worry about," Mr. Silva Jr. said as he and his co-workers finished a celebratory meal in Elizabeth, N.J.

The five said they had known Mr. Lopes for years and considered themselves close friends of his. Mr. Silva Sr. said that in 2008 — long before the uproar over the ticket — he helped fix up a house Mr. Lopes had bought. He said they worked on the driveway together. And the sidewalk. And the basement. Mr. Silva Sr. said, as he did in court, that he had looked on Mr. Lopes as a son.

Mr. Sousa said they were all so close that Mr. Lopes attended his daughter's christening five years ago. He said he was still upset that Mr. Lopes testified that the six men had not been friends.

The money was frozen shortly after the men filed suit in 2010. For now, the men said, they were not planning any major lifestyle changes. They said they would take two weeks off for vacation, but would probably return to the highway construction crew that had once included Mr. Lopes.

As it happened, their winning ticket was not the only one drawn for the jackpot, $77 million; another ticket-buyer, identified as Lourdes Salinas of South San Francisco, had the identical numbers for the Nov. 10, 2009, drawing. Her part of the prize was not affected by the jury's decision in New Jersey.

The verdict did not surprise people at the convenience store in Union, N.J., where Mr. Lopes bought the ticket. One customer at the store, a BuyRite in 2009 that is now the Magie Mart Food Store and Deli, said it had reinforced his approach:

"I play by myself because I don't trust people," said the man, who would give his name only as Sean, explaining that he regularly played the New Jersey Pick 3 and Pick 6 games as well as Mega Millions. "Am I shocked he tried to keep the money for himself? No. It's human nature."

Eric Kahn, a lawyer for Mr. Lopes's former colleagues, said some details had to be worked out, like how much each man would receive and how much each might owe in taxes.

"The lottery paid him," Mr. Kahn said, referring to Mr. Lopes, "and the lottery withheld a chunk of taxes."

"We've got to work on the taxes," he said.

Theo www.nytimes.com